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Access Control

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Access Control List

With Authelia you can define a list of rules that are going to be evaluated in sequential order when authorization is delegated to Authelia.

The first matching rule of the list defines the policy applied to the resource, if no rule matches the resource a customizable default policy is applied.

Access Control Rule

A rule defines two things:

the matching criteria of the request presented to the reverse proxy
the policy applied when all criteria match.

The criteria are:

domain: domain targeted by the request.
resources: list of patterns that the path should match (one is sufficient).
subject: the user or group of users to define the policy for.
networks: the network range from where should comes the request.

A rule is matched when all criteria of the rule match.

Policies

A policy represents the level of authentication the user needs to pass before being authorized to request the resource.

There exist 4 policies:

bypass: the resource is public as the user does not need any authentication to get access to it.
one_factor: the user needs to pass at least the first factor to get access to the resource.
two_factor: the user needs to pass two factors to get access to the resource.
deny: the user does not have access to the resource.

Domains

The domains defined in rules must obviously be either a subdomain of the domain protected by Authelia or the protected domain itself. In order to match multiple subdomains, the wildcard matcher character *. can be used as prefix of the domain. For instance, to define a rule for all subdomains of example.com, one would use *.example.com in the rule.

Resources

A rule can define multiple regular expressions for matching the path of the resource. If any one of them matches, the resource criteria of the rule matches.

Subjects

A subject is a representation of a user or a group of user for who the rule should apply.

For a user with unique identifier john, the subject should be user:john and for a group uniquely identified by developers, the subject should be group:developers. Unlike resources there can be only one subject per rule. However, if multiple users or group must be matched by a rule, one can just duplicate the rule as many times as there are subjects.

Note: Any PR to make it a list instead of a single item is welcome.

Networks

A list of network ranges can be specified in a rule in order to apply different policies when requests come from different networks.

The main use case is when, lets say a resource should be exposed both on the Internet and from an authenticated VPN for instance. Passing a second factor a first time to get access to the VPN and a second time to get access to the application can sometimes be cumbersome if the endpoint is not considered overly sensitive.

Even if Authelia provides this flexibility, you might prefer a higher level of security and avoid this option entirely. You and only you can define your security policy and it's up to you to configure Authelia accordingly.

Complete example

Here is a complete example of complex access control list that can be defined in Authelia.

access_control:
    default_policy: deny

    rules:
    - domain: public.example.com
      policy: bypass

    - domain: secure.example.com
      policy: one_factor
      networks:
      - 192.168.1.0/24
  
    - domain: secure.example.com
      policy: two_factor

    - domain: singlefactor.example.com
      policy: one_factor

    - domain: "mx2.mail.example.com"
      subject: "group:admins"
      policy: deny
    
    - domain: "*.example.com"
      subject: "group:admins"
      policy: two_factor

    - domain: dev.example.com
      resources:
      - "^/groups/dev/.*$"
      subject: "group:dev"
      policy: two_factor

    - domain: dev.example.com
      resources:
      - "^/users/john/.*$"
      subject: "user:john"
      policy: two_factor

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