223 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
223 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: default
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title: LDAP
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parent: Authentication backends
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grand_parent: Configuration
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nav_order: 2
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---
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# LDAP
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**Authelia** supports using a LDAP server as the users database.
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## Configuration
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Configuration of the LDAP backend is done as follows
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```yaml
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# The authentication backend to use for verifying user passwords
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# and retrieve information such as email address and groups
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# users belong to.
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#
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# There are two supported backends: 'ldap' and 'file'.
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authentication_backend:
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# Disable both the HTML element and the API for reset password functionality
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disable_reset_password: false
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# The amount of time to wait before we refresh data from the authentication backend. Uses duration notation.
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# To disable this feature set it to 'disable', this will slightly reduce security because for Authelia, users
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# will always belong to groups they belonged to at the time of login even if they have been removed from them in LDAP.
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# To force update on every request you can set this to '0' or 'always', this will increase processor demand.
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# See the below documentation for more information.
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# Duration Notation docs: https://docs.authelia.com/configuration/index.html#duration-notation-format
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# Refresh Interval docs: https://docs.authelia.com/configuration/authentication/ldap.html#refresh-interval
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refresh_interval: 5m
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# LDAP backend configuration.
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#
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# This backend allows Authelia to be scaled to more
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# than one instance and therefore is recommended for
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# production.
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ldap:
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# The LDAP implementation, this affects elements like the attribute utilised for resetting a password.
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# Acceptable options are as follows:
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# - 'activedirectory' - For Microsoft Active Directory.
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# - 'custom' - For custom specifications of attributes and filters.
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# This currently defaults to 'custom' to maintain existing behaviour.
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#
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# Depending on the option here certain other values in this section have a default value, notably all
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# of the attribute mappings have a default value that this config overrides, you can read more
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# about these default values at https://docs.authelia.com/configuration/authentication/ldap.html#defaults
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implementation: custom
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# The url to the ldap server. Scheme can be ldap or ldaps in the format (port optional) <scheme>://<address>[:<port>].
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url: ldap://127.0.0.1
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# Skip verifying the server certificate (to allow a self-signed certificate).
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skip_verify: false
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# Use StartTLS with the LDAP connection.
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start_tls: false
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# Minimum TLS version for either Secure LDAP or LDAP StartTLS.
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minimum_tls_version: TLS1.2
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# The base dn for every entries.
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base_dn: dc=example,dc=com
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# The attribute holding the username of the user. This attribute is used to populate
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# the username in the session information. It was introduced due to #561 to handle case
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# insensitive search queries.
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# For you information, Microsoft Active Directory usually uses 'sAMAccountName' and OpenLDAP
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# usually uses 'uid'
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# Beware that this attribute holds the unique identifiers for the users binding the user and the configuration
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# stored in database. Therefore only single value attributes are allowed and the value
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# must never be changed once attributed to a user otherwise it would break the configuration
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# for that user. Technically, non-unique attributes like 'mail' can also be used but we don't recommend using
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# them, we instead advise to use the attributes mentioned above (sAMAccountName and uid) to follow
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# https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2307.txt.
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# username_attribute: uid
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# An additional dn to define the scope to all users.
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additional_users_dn: ou=users
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# The users filter used in search queries to find the user profile based on input filled in login form.
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# Various placeholders are available to represent the user input and back reference other options of the configuration:
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# - {input} is a placeholder replaced by what the user inputs in the login form.
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# - {username_attribute} is a mandatory placeholder replaced by what is configured in `username_attribute`.
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# - {mail_attribute} is a placeholder replaced by what is configured in `mail_attribute`.
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# - DON'T USE - {0} is an alias for {input} supported for backward compatibility but it will be deprecated in later versions, so please don't use it.
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#
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# Recommended settings are as follows:
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# - Microsoft Active Directory: (&({username_attribute}={input})(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user))
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# - OpenLDAP: (&({username_attribute}={input})(objectClass=person))' or '(&({username_attribute}={input})(objectClass=inetOrgPerson))
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#
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# To allow sign in both with username and email, one can use a filter like
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# (&(|({username_attribute}={input})({mail_attribute}={input}))(objectClass=person))
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users_filter: (&({username_attribute}={input})(objectClass=person))
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# An additional dn to define the scope of groups.
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additional_groups_dn: ou=groups
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# The groups filter used in search queries to find the groups of the user.
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# - {input} is a placeholder replaced by what the user inputs in the login form.
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# - {username} is a placeholder replace by the username stored in LDAP (based on `username_attribute`).
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# - {dn} is a matcher replaced by the user distinguished name, aka, user DN.
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# - {username_attribute} is a placeholder replaced by what is configured in `username_attribute`.
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# - {mail_attribute} is a placeholder replaced by what is configured in `mail_attribute`.
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# - DON'T USE - {0} is an alias for {input} supported for backward compatibility but it will be deprecated in later versions, so please don't use it.
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# - DON'T USE - {1} is an alias for {username} supported for backward compatibility but it will be deprecated in later version, so please don't use it.
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groups_filter: (&(member={dn})(objectclass=groupOfNames))
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# The attribute holding the name of the group
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# group_name_attribute: cn
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# The attribute holding the mail address of the user. If multiple email addresses are defined for a user, only the first
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# one returned by the LDAP server is used.
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# mail_attribute: mail
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# The attribute holding the display name of the user. This will be used to greet an authenticated user.
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# display_name_attribute: displayname
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# The username and password of the admin user.
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user: cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com
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# Password can also be set using a secret: https://docs.authelia.com/configuration/secrets.html
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password: password
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```
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The user must have an email address in order for Authelia to perform
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identity verification when a user attempts to reset their password or
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register a second factor device.
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## TLS Settings
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### Skip Verify
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The key `skip_verify` disables checking the authenticity of the TLS certificate. You should not disable this, instead
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you should add the certificate that signed the certificate of your LDAP server to the machines certificate PKI trust.
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For docker you can just add this to the hosts trusted store.
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### Start TLS
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The key `start_tls` enables use of the LDAP StartTLS process which is not commonly used. You should only configure this
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if you know you need it. The initial connection will be over plain text, and Authelia will try to upgrade it with the
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LDAP server. LDAPS URL's are slightly more secure.
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### Minimum TLS Version
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The key `minimum_tls_version` controls the minimum TLS version Authelia will use when opening LDAP connections.
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The possible values are `TLS1.3`, `TLS1.2`, `TLS1.1`, `TLS1.0`. Anything other than `TLS1.3` or `TLS1.2`
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are very old and deprecated. You should avoid using these and upgrade your LDAP solution instead of decreasing
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this value.
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## Implementation
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There are currently two implementations, `custom` and `activedirectory`. The `activedirectory` implementation
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must be used if you wish to allow users to change or reset their password as Active Directory
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uses a custom attribute for this, and an input format other implementations do not use. The long term
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intention of this is to have logical defaults for various RFC implementations of LDAP.
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### Defaults
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The below tables describes the current attribute defaults for each implementation.
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#### Attributes
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This table describes the attribute defaults for each implementation. i.e. the username_attribute is
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described by the Username column.
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|Implementation |Username |Display Name|Mail|Group Name|
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|:-------------:|:------------:|:----------:|:--:|:--------:|
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|custom |n/a |displayname |mail|cn |
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|activedirectory|sAMAccountName|displayname |mail|cn |
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#### Filters
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The filters are probably the most important part to get correct when setting up LDAP.
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You want to exclude disabled accounts. The active directory example has two attribute
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filters that accomplish this as an example (more examples would be appreciated). The
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userAccountControl filter checks that the account is not disabled and the pwdLastSet
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makes sure that value is not 0 which means the password requires changing at the next login.
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|Implementation |Users Filter |Groups Filter|
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|:-------------:|:------------:|:-----------:|
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|custom |n/a |n/a |
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|activedirectory|(&(|({username_attribute}={input})({mail_attribute}={input}))(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user)(!userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)(!pwdLastSet=0))|(&(member={dn})(objectClass=group)(objectCategory=group))|
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## Refresh Interval
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This setting takes a [duration notation](../index.md#duration-notation-format) that sets the max frequency
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for how often Authelia contacts the backend to verify the user still exists and that the groups stored
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in the session are up to date. This allows us to destroy sessions when the user no longer matches the
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user_filter, or deny access to resources as they are removed from groups.
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In addition to the duration notation, you may provide the value `always` or `disable`. Setting to `always`
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is the same as setting it to 0 which will refresh on every request, `disable` turns the feature off, which is
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not recommended. This completely prevents Authelia from refreshing this information, and it would only be
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refreshed when the user session gets destroyed by other means like inactivity, session expiration or logging
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out and in.
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This value can be any value including 0, setting it to 0 would automatically refresh the session on
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every single request. This means Authelia will have to contact the LDAP backend every time an element
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on a page loads which could be substantially costly. It's a trade-off between load and security that
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you should adapt according to your own security policy.
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## Important notes
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Users must be uniquely identified by an attribute, this attribute must obviously contain a single value and
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be guaranteed by the administrator to be unique. If multiple users have the same value, Authelia will simply
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fail authenticating the user and display an error message in the logs.
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In order to avoid such problems, we highly recommended you follow https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2307.txt by using
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`sAMAccountName` for Active Directory and `uid` for other implementations as the attribute holding the
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unique identifier for your users.
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As of versions > `4.24.0` the `users_filter` must include the `username_attribute` placeholder, not including this will
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result in Authelia throwing an error.
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In versions <= `4.24.0` not including the `username_attribute` placeholder will cause issues with the session refresh
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and will result in session resets when the refresh interval has expired, default of 5 minutes.
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## Loading a password from a secret instead of inside the configuration
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Password can also be defined using a [secret](../secrets.md).
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