280 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
280 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
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---
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title: "LDAP"
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description: "Configuring LDAP"
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lead: "Authelia supports an LDAP server based first factor user provider. This section describes configuring this."
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date: 2022-03-20T12:52:27+11:00
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draft: false
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images: []
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menu:
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configuration:
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parent: "first-factor"
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weight: 102200
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toc: true
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aliases:
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- /c/ldap
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- /docs/configuration/authentication/ldap.html
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---
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## Configuration
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```yaml
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authentication_backend:
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ldap:
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implementation: custom
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url: ldap://127.0.0.1
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timeout: 5s
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start_tls: false
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tls:
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server_name: ldap.example.com
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skip_verify: false
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minimum_version: TLS1.2
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base_dn: DC=example,DC=com
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additional_users_dn: ou=users
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users_filter: (&({username_attribute}={input})(objectClass=person))
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username_attribute: uid
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mail_attribute: mail
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display_name_attribute: displayName
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additional_groups_dn: ou=groups
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groups_filter: (&(member={dn})(objectClass=groupOfNames))
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group_name_attribute: cn
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permit_referrals: false
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user: CN=admin,DC=example,DC=com
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password: password
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```
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## Options
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### implementation
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{{< confkey type="string" default="custom" required="no" >}}
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Configures the LDAP implementation used by Authelia.
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See the [Implementation Guide](#implementation-guide) for information.
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### url
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{{< confkey type="string" required="yes" >}}
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The LDAP URL which consists of a scheme, address, and port. Format is `<scheme>://<address>:<port>` or
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`<scheme>://<address>` where scheme is either `ldap` or `ldaps`.
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```yaml
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authentication_backend:
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ldap:
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url: ldaps://dc1.example.com
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```
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If utilising an IPv6 literal address it must be enclosed by square brackets:
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```yaml
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authentication_backend:
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ldap:
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url: ldap://[fd00:1111:2222:3333::1]
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```
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### timeout
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{{< confkey type="duration" default="5s" required="no" >}}
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The timeout for dialing an LDAP connection.
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### start_tls
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{{< confkey type="boolean" default="false" required="no" >}}
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Enables use of the LDAP StartTLS process which is not commonly used. You should only configure this if you know you need
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it. The initial connection will be over plain text, and *Authelia* will try to upgrade it with the LDAP server. LDAPS
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URL's are slightly more secure.
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### tls
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Controls the TLS connection validation process. You can see how to configure the tls
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section [here](../prologue/common.md#tls-configuration).
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### base_dn
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{{< confkey type="string" required="yes" >}}
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Sets the base distinguished name container for all LDAP queries. If your LDAP domain is example.com this is usually
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`DC=example,DC=com`, however you can fine tune this to be more specific for example to only include objects inside the
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authelia OU: `OU=authelia,DC=example,DC=com`. This is prefixed with the [additional_users_dn](#additional_users_dn) for
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user searches and [additional_groups_dn](#additional_groups_dn) for groups searches.
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### additional_users_dn
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{{< confkey type="string" required="no" >}}
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Additional LDAP path to append to the [base_dn](#base_dn) when searching for users. Useful if you want to restrict
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exactly which OU to get users from for either security or performance reasons. For example setting it to
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`OU=users,OU=people` with a base_dn set to `DC=example,DC=com` will mean user searches will occur in
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`OU=users,OU=people,DC=example,DC=com`.
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### users_filter
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{{< confkey type="string" required="situational" >}}
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*__Note:__ This option is technically required however the [implementation](#implementation) option can implicitly set a
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default negating this requirement. Refer to the [filter defaults](#filter-defaults) for more information.*
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The LDAP filter to narrow down which users are valid. This is important to set correctly as to exclude disabled users.
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The default value is dependent on the [implementation](#implementation), refer to the
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[attribute defaults](#attribute-defaults) for more information.
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### username_attribute
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{{< confkey type="string" required="situational" >}}
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*__Note:__ This option is technically required however the [implementation](#implementation) option can implicitly set a
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default negating this requirement. Refer to the [attribute defaults](#attribute-defaults) for more information.*
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The LDAP attribute that maps to the username in *Authelia*. This must contain the `{username_attribute}`
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[placeholder](#users-filter-replacements).
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### mail_attribute
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{{< confkey type="string" required="situational" >}}
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*__Note:__ This option is technically required however the [implementation](#implementation) option can implicitly set a
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default negating this requirement. Refer to the [attribute defaults](#attribute-defaults) for more information.*
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The attribute to retrieve which contains the users email addresses. This is important for the device registration and
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password reset processes. The user must have an email address in order for Authelia to perform identity verification
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when a user attempts to reset their password or register a second factor device.
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### display_name_attribute
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{{< confkey type="string" required="situational" >}}
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*__Note:__ This option is technically required however the [implementation](#implementation) option can implicitly set a
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default negating this requirement. Refer to the [attribute defaults](#attribute-defaults) for more information.*
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The attribute to retrieve which is shown on the Web UI to the user when they log in.
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### additional_groups_dn
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{{< confkey type="string" required="no" >}}
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Similar to [additional_users_dn](#additional_users_dn) but it applies to group searches.
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### groups_filter
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{{< confkey type="string" required="situational" >}}
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*__Note:__ This option is technically required however the [implementation](#implementation) option can implicitly set a
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default negating this requirement. Refer to the [filter defaults](#filter-defaults) for more information.*
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Similar to [users_filter](#users_filter) but it applies to group searches. In order to include groups the member is not
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a direct member of, but is a member of another group that is a member of those (i.e. recursive groups), you may try
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using the following filter which is currently only tested against Microsoft Active Directory:
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`(&(member:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:={dn})(objectClass=group)(objectCategory=group))`
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## group_name_attribute
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{{< confkey type="string" required="situational" >}}
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*__Note:__ This option is technically required however the [implementation](#implementation) option can implicitly set a
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default negating this requirement. Refer to the [attribute defaults](#attribute-defaults) for more
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information.*
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The LDAP attribute that is used by Authelia to determine the group name.
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## permit_referrals
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{{< confkey type="boolean" default="false" required="no" >}}
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Permits following referrals. This is useful if you have read-only servers in your architecture and thus require
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referrals to be followed when performing write operations.
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### user
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{{< confkey type="string" required="yes" >}}
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The distinguished name of the user paired with the password to bind with for lookup and password change operations.
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### password
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{{< confkey type="string" required="yes" >}}
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The password of the user paired with the user to bind with for lookup and password change operations.
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Can also be defined using a [secret](../methods/secrets.md) which is the recommended for containerized deployments.
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## Implementation Guide
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There are currently two implementations, `custom` and `activedirectory`. The `activedirectory` implementation
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must be used if you wish to allow users to change or reset their password as Active Directory
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uses a custom attribute for this, and an input format other implementations do not use. The long term
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intention of this is to have logical defaults for various RFC implementations of LDAP.
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### Filter replacements
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Various replacements occur in the user and groups filter. The replacements either occur at startup or upon an LDAP
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search.
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#### Users filter replacements
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| Placeholder | Phase | Replacement |
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|:------------------------:|:-------:|:-------------------------------------:|
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| {username_attribute} | startup | The configured username attribute |
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| {mail_attribute} | startup | The configured mail attribute |
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| {display_name_attribute} | startup | The configured display name attribute |
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| {input} | search | The input into the username field |
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#### Groups filter replacements
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| Placeholder | Phase | Replacement |
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|:-----------:|:------:|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
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| {input} | search | The input into the username field |
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| {username} | search | The username from the profile lookup obtained from the username attribute |
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| {dn} | search | The distinguished name from the profile lookup |
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### Defaults
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The below tables describes the current attribute defaults for each implementation.
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#### Attribute defaults
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This table describes the attribute defaults for each implementation. i.e. the username_attribute is described by the
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Username column.
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| Implementation | Username | Display Name | Mail | Group Name |
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|:---------------:|:--------------:|:------------:|:----:|:----------:|
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| custom | N/A | displayName | mail | cn |
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| activedirectory | sAMAccountName | displayName | mail | cn |
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#### Filter defaults
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The filters are probably the most important part to get correct when setting up LDAP. You want to exclude disabled
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accounts. The active directory example has two attribute filters that accomplish this as an example (more examples would
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be appreciated). The userAccountControl filter checks that the account is not disabled and the pwdLastSet makes sure that
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value is not 0 which means the password requires changing at the next login.
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| Implementation | Users Filter | Groups Filter |
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|:---------------:|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|:---------------------------------------------------------:|
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| custom | N/A | N/A |
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| activedirectory | (&(|({username_attribute}={input})({mail_attribute}={input}))(sAMAccountType=805306368)(!(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2))(!(pwdLastSet=0))) | (&(member={dn})(objectClass=group)(objectCategory=group)) |
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*__Note:__* The Active Directory filter `(sAMAccountType=805306368)` is exactly the same as
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`(&(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user))` except that the former is more performant, you can read more about this
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and other Active Directory filters on the [TechNet wiki](https://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/5392.active-directory-ldap-syntax-filters.aspx).
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## Refresh Interval
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It's recommended you either use the default [refresh interval](./introduction.md#refresh_interval) or configure this to
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a value low enough to refresh the user groups and status (deleted, disabled, etc) to adequately secure your environment.
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## Important notes
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Users must be uniquely identified by an attribute, this attribute must obviously contain a single value and be guaranteed
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by the administrator to be unique. If multiple users have the same value, Authelia will simply fail authenticating the
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user and display an error message in the logs.
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In order to avoid such problems, we highly recommended you follow [RFC2307] by using `sAMAccountName` for Active
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Directory and `uid` for other implementations as the attribute holding the unique identifier
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for your users.
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[username attribute]: #username_attribute
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[TechNet wiki]: https://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/5392.active-directory-ldap-syntax-filters.aspx
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[RFC2307]: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2307.html
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